The kilogram is the base SI unit for mass (acceptable for use as weight on Earth). It uses the symbol kg.
It is the only SI base unit with the prefix as part of its name (kilo). The word is derived itself from the French 'kilogramme' which was itself built from the Greek 'χίλιοι' or 'khilioi' for 'a thousand' and the Latin 'gramma' for 'small weight'.
It is now used worldwide for weighing almost anything - and has quickly become commonly recognised and understood by the masses. It is sometimes shortened to 'kilo' which can cause confusion as the prefix is used across many other units.
In 1795 the kilogram was first used in English and was defined as the mass of one litre of water. This provided a simple definition but when used in practice it was difficult as trade and commerce often involved large items. Weighing a large object using large quantities of water was inconvenient and dangerous. As a result, an object made out of a single piece of metal was created equal to one kilogram. This platinum-iridium metal, called the International Prototype Kilogram, has been kept in Sèvres, France since 1889.
The tonne is a unit of mass (acceptable for use as weight on Earth) and is a non-SI metric unit. It has the symbol t.
1 tonne is equal to 1000 kg. In the US it is called a metric ton (to avoid confusion with other similarly named units like the short ton, the long ton and the register ton. It is equal to approximately 2204.6 lbs.
Tonne is the correct spelling in England and France although ton is acceptable across the world. Before the establishment as an SI-derivative (or metrication), the ton (or imperial ton) was equal to 2240 avoirdupois pounds (or 20 hundredweight). This is only 16 kg different from the up to date (metric) tonne as we know it today.
A car weighs about a tonne.